PSG has now won the prestigious cup on 14 different occasions.
Paris Saint-Germain needed a dramatic equaliser followed by a successful spot-kick decider to get past Marseille in Kuwait and secure a fourth straight French Super Cup victory.
The Champions League holders appeared to be coasting towards a straightforward triumph in the match featuring the French league winners and the French Cup winners after the French winger opened the scoring in the opening stages.
However, the southern French side struck two times in the closing moments to seize a shock advantage. Initially, the English forward converted from the penalty spot, before Willian Pacho inadvertently directed the ball into his own net for an own goal.
In a remarkable turn of events, the Portuguese striker snatched a crucial leveler in the dying seconds to send the match into a deciding shootout. PSG goalkeeper Lucas Chevalier then emerged as the key figure, saving decisive attempts from O'Riley and Traore.
From the spot, Goncalo Ramos, the midfielder, Nuno Mendes, and Desire Doue all converted with composure for PSG to seal a 4-1 shootout win.
Now 14-time champions Paris Saint-Germain, who met last season's Ligue 1 second-placed team Marseille after achieving a domestic double, have now lifted this trophy for the twelfth time in the past 13 seasons.